Practical guide
Make Everyday Handwashing More Effective
Soap, complete coverage, enough scrubbing time and thorough drying matter more than a hurried rinse.

Give the scrub its own time
A quick pass under the tap can miss the parts of handwashing that do the work. CDC guidance calls for wetting hands with clean running water, applying soap, lathering, scrubbing for at least 20 seconds, rinsing and drying. The 20 seconds belong to the scrubbing step, rather than the entire trip to the sink. Cover the backs of the hands, the spaces between fingers and beneath the nails as well as the palms. Choose water that is comfortable: CDC says warm and cold water remove the same number of germs when used for washing. There is no need to make the water uncomfortably hot.
Use the supplies you need
Plain soap is suitable for routine handwashing. CDC reports no added health benefit from antibacterial soap for ordinary community use. Put the emphasis on a complete wash and a usable sink, rather than assuming a more elaborate product can compensate for rushed technique. Drying belongs in the routine too. Germs spread more easily from wet hands, according to CDC. Use a clean towel or an air dryer and dry thoroughly. At home, a reusable towel is practical; change it when dirty and before prolonged dampness allows mildew to develop.
Connect washing to everyday transitions
Remember the moments when hands can carry germs to food or other people. CDC highlights food preparation and eating, using the toilet, changing diapers, coughing or blowing the nose, handling garbage, and contact with animals or their food and waste. Washing also matters before and after caring for someone with vomiting or diarrhea or treating a wound. At home, make those transitions easier to follow. Check that soap is available where food is prepared and that there is a clean way to dry hands. For children, practice the sequence together rather than relying only on a reminder shouted from another room.
Know the backup’s limits
When soap and water are unavailable, CDC recommends hand sanitizer containing at least 60 percent alcohol. Read the label. Sanitizer is a useful backup, but it does not remove dirt or harmful chemicals as washing does and does not work against every kind of germ. Do not substitute surface-disinfecting wipes for hand products; they can irritate skin. Keep the everyday plan simple: wash fully when a sink is available, use an appropriate backup when needed, and return to soap and water for visibly dirty hands.
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